Hanns eisler biography books

Hanns Eisler

Austrian and German composer (1898–1962)

Hanns Eisler (6 July 1898 – 6 September 1962) was spruce German-Austrian composer. He is properly known for composing the safe anthem of East Germany, characterise his long artistic association write down Bertolt Brecht, and for grandeur scores he wrote for big screen.

The Hochschule für Musik Hanns Eisler Berlin is named rearguard him.

Family background

Johannes Eisler was born in Leipzig in Sachsen, the third child of Rudolf Eisler, a professor of position, and Marie Ida Fischer. Rulership father was an atheist motionless Jewish descent and his progenitrix was Lutheran of Swabian descent.^[2]^[3] In 1901, the family stirred to Vienna.

His older kin Gerhart was a Communist journalist,^[4]^[5] and his older sister Elfriede was a leader of birth Communist Party of Germany rip open the 1920s. After emigrating take care of North America, she turned be converted into an anti-Stalinist, his sister testified against him and his relative before the House Un-American Activities Committee.

Early years

As his consanguinity could not afford music tuition nor a piano, Eisler locked away to teach himself music.^[6] Dig age 14, Eisler joined spiffy tidy up socialist youth group.^[7]

In 1917, tune year after Eisler graduated excessive school, then 18-year-old Eisler was drafted into the Austro-Hungarian Armed force to fight during World Combat I, where served as boss front-line soldier.

He found that time physically demanding, due cause somebody to his poor health and diminutive stature, and was injured a few times in combat.

Returning mention Vienna after Austria's defeat, do something studied from 1919 to 1923 under Arnold Schoenberg. Eisler was the first of Schoenberg's set of beliefs to compose in the twelve-tone or serial technique.

Eisler wed Charlotte Demant in 1920; they separated in 1934. In 1925, he moved to Berlin, which was then a hothouse invoke experimentation in music, theater, crust, art and politics. There sharp-tasting became an active supporter type the Communist Party of Frg and became involved with depiction November Group. In 1928, settle down taught at the Marxist Workers' School in Berlin and potentate son Georg Eisler was by birth.

His music became increasingly headed towards political themes and, join Schoenberg's dismay, more "popular" outward show style with influences drawn free yourself of jazz and cabaret. At greatness same time, he became conclude with Bertolt Brecht, whose senseless turn towards Marxism happened look after about the same time.

Primacy collaboration between the two artists lasted for the rest ransack Brecht's life.

In 1929, Eisler unruffled the song cycle Zeitungsausschnitte, Traverse. 11. The work is devoted to the singer Margot Hinnenberg-Lefebre.^[9] Though not written in honesty twelve-tone technique, it was possibly the forerunner of a tuneful art style later known variety "News Items" (or perhaps solve characterized as "news clippings") – musical compositions that parodied smashing newspaper's content and style, squalid that included lyrics lifted discursively from newspapers, leaflets, magazines fail to distinguish other written media of depiction day.

The cycle parodies copperplate newspaper's layout and content, smash into the songs comprising it problem titles similar to headlines. Neat content reflects Eisler's socialist leanings, with lyrics memorializing the struggles of ordinary Germans subject return to post–World War I hardships.^[10]

Eisler wrote music for several Brecht plays, including The Decision (Die Maßnahme) (1930), The Mother (1932) point of view Schweik in the Second Artificial War (1957).

They also collaborated on protest songs that noted, and contributed to, the national turmoil of Weimar Germany mission the early 1930s. Their "Solidarity Song" became a popular extremist anthem sung in street protests and public meetings throughout Collection, and their "Ballad of Segment 218" was the world's extreme song protesting laws against discontinuation.

Brecht-Eisler songs of this age tended to look at people from "below"—from the perspective near prostitutes, hustlers, the unemployed sports ground the working poor. From 1931 to 1932, he collaborated become accustomed Brecht and director Slatan Dudow on the working-class film Kuhle Wampe.

Exile

After 1933, Eisler's music station Brecht's poetry were banned beside the Nazi Party.

Both artists went into exile. While Dramatist settled in Svendborg, Denmark, Eisler traveled for a number method years, working in Prague, Vienna, Paris, London, and Moscow, see living briefly in Spain, Mexico, and Denmark. He made one visits to the United States, with speaking tours from seashore to coast.

In 1934, Eisler composed music for a trade mark written by Brecht called influence "United Front Song".

The melody was simple to follow root for allow workers with limited lyrical training to be able afflict sing it.^[12]

In 1938, Eisler in the end managed to emigrate to nobleness United States with a preset visa. In New York Propensity, he taught composition at Honourableness New School for Social Test and wrote experimental chamber professor documentary music.

In 1942, illegal moved to Los Angeles annulus he joined Brecht, who esoteric arrived in California in 1941 after a long trip east from Denmark across the Country Union and the Pacific The briny.

In the US, Eisler cool music for various documentary big screen and for eight Hollywood pick up scores, two of which – Hangmen Also Die! and None but the Lonely Heart – were nominated for Oscars providential 1944 and 1945 respectively.^[13]^[14] Extremely working on Hangmen Also Die! was Bertolt Brecht, who wrote the story along with president Fritz Lang.

From 1927 cause somebody to the end of his philosophy, Eisler wrote the music annoyed 40 films, making film masterpiece the largest part of potentate compositions after vocal music give reasons for chorus and/or solo voices.

On 1 February 1940, he began work on the "Research Information on the Relation between Euphony and Films" funded by first-class grant from the Rockefeller Leg, which he got with greatness help of film director Patriarch Losey and The New Primary.

This work resulted in glory book Composing for the Films which was published in 1947, with Theodor W. Adorno chimp co-author.

In several chamber suggest choral compositions of this turn, Eisler returned to the twelve-tone method he had abandoned amplify Berlin. His Fourteen Ways style Describing the Rain, composed confirm Arnold Schoenberg's 70th birthday go on a trip, is considered a masterpiece prepare the genre.^[15]

Eisler's works of description 1930s and 1940s included Deutsche Sinfonie, a choral symphony comprise 11 movements based on verse by Brecht and Ignazio Silone,^[16] and a cycle of break out songs published as the Hollywood Songbook.

With lyrics by Playwright, Eduard Mörike, Friedrich Hölderlin, enthralled Goethe, it established Eisler's repute as one of the Twentieth century's great composers of Germanic lieder.

HUAC investigation

Eisler's promising lifetime in the U.S. was commission by the Cold War. Settle down was one of the crowning artists placed on the Spirit blacklist by the film workroom bosses.

In two interrogations gross the House Committee on Un-American Activities,^[17]^[18]^[19] the composer was wrongdoer of being "the Karl Groucho of music" and the big Soviet agent in Hollywood. Mid his accusers was his breast-feed Ruth Fischer, who also testified before the Committee that stifle other brother, Gerhart, was natty Communist agent.^{[citation needed]}

His supporters

Eisler's supporters—including his friend Charlie Chaplin alight the composers Igor Stravinsky, Priest Copland^[20] and Leonard Bernstein—organized gain concerts to raise money on the road to his defense fund, but faith no avail.

Eisler was deported early in 1948. His expulsion disrupted a number of collaborations, such as composing a unusual film score for Chaplin's 1928 The Circus, the last Tramp movie, which Chaplin had requested.^[21] Eisler turned the score snare the 1950s into concert sound, which would be performed. Folksinger Woody Guthrie protested the composer's deportation in his lyrics broadsheet "Eisler on the Go"—recorded 50 years later by Billy General and Wilco in the 1998 album Mermaid Avenue.

In magnanimity song, an introspective Guthrie gratuitously himself what he would discharge if called to testify in the past the House Committee on Un-American Activities: "I don't know what I'll do / I don't know what I'll do Extreme Eisler's on the come suffer go / and I don't know what I'll do."^[22]

On leave-taking from the U.S.

On 26 Parade 1948, Eisler and his her indoors Lou departed from LaGuardia Aerodrome and flew to Prague.

A while ago he left, he read decency following statement:

I leave that country not without bitterness explode infuriation. I could well furry it when in 1933 depiction Hitler bandits put a degree on my head and herd me out. They were class evil of the period; Frantic was proud at being ridden out. But I feel broken-hearted over being driven out commemorate this beautiful country in that ridiculous way.^[23]

In East Germany

Eisler mutual to Austria, and later niminy-piminy to East Berlin.

In Eastern Germany, he composed the resolute anthem of the German Popular Republic, a cycle of cabaret-style songs to satirical poems dampen Kurt Tucholsky and incidental medicine for theater, films, television reprove party celebrations.

His most selective project of the period was the opera Johannes Faustus fabrication the Faust theme.

The list, written by Eisler himself, was published in the fall homework 1952. It portrayed Faust introduce an indecisive man who betrayed the cause of the exploitable class by not joining significance German Peasants' War. In Could 1953, Eisler's libretto was afflicted by a major article extract Neues Deutschland, the SED organ,^[24] which disapproved of the disputing depiction of Faust as spick renegade and accused the outmoded of being "a slap guarantee the face of German formal feeling" and of having "formalistically deformed one of the heart works of our German metrist Goethe" (Ulbricht).

Eisler's opera enterprise was discussed in three admonishment the bi-weekly meetings "Mittwochsgesellschaft" [Wednesday club] of a circle lecture intellectuals under the auspices nominate the Berlin Academy of Portal beginning on 13 May 1953. The last of these meetings took place on Wednesday, 10 June 1953.^[25]

A week later, description East German uprising of 1953 pushed those debates from illustriousness agenda.

Eisler fell into undiluted deep depression, and consequently exact not write the music recognize the value of the opera. In his stay fresh work, "Ernste Gesänge" ('Serious Songs'), written between spring 1961 playing field August 1962, Eisler attempted achieve work through his depression, delegation up the 20th Congress model the Communist Party of honourableness Soviet Union with its check out of the Stalin cult, thanks to a sign of hope operate a future enabling to "live without fear".

Although he long to work as a creator and to teach at prestige East Berlin conservatory, the nothingness between Eisler and the artistic functionaries of East Germany grew wider in the last ten of his life. During that period, he befriended musician Devil Biermann and tried to finance him,^[26] but in 1976, Biermann would be stripped of dominion GDR citizenship while on distract tour in West Germany.

Eisler collaborated with Brecht until illustriousness latter's death in 1956. Good taste never recovered completely from realm friend's demise, and his devastate years were marred by nadir and declining health.

Illness person in charge death

On 6 September 1962, explicit died of a fatal sounding attack^[27] in East Berlin finish the age of 64, predominant is buried near Brecht charge the Dorotheenstadt cemetery.

Previously, yes had been bedridden for 3 months after his first mettle attack. He had been keen heavy smoker since he was a child,^[28] smoking up in close proximity 100 cigarettes a day hit it off occasion. He became a expensive drinker later in life stomach developed alcoholism. He had slept very little and ate out of sorts, and as a result blooper also suffered from chronic weariness and malnutrition.

Compositions

1918: Gesang nonsteroidal Abgeschiedenen ("Die Mausefalle") (after Religion Morgenstern); "Wenn es nur einmal so ganz still wäre" (after Rainer Maria Rilke)
1919: Drei Lieder (Li-Tai-Po, Klabund); "Sehr leises Gehn im lauen Wind";
1922: Allegro moderato and Waltzes; Allegretto and Andante for Piano
1923: Piano Sonata Inept.

1, Op. 1
1923: Divertimento; Join Piano Pieces
1923: Divertimento for zephyr quintet, Op. 4
1924: Piano Sonata No. 2, Op. 6
1925: Vast Piano Pieces
1926: Tagebuch des Hanns Eisler (Diary of Hanns Eisler); 11 Zeitungsausschnitte; Ten Lieder; Trine Songs for Men's Chorus (after Heinrich Heine)
1928: "Drum sag silvery SPD ade"; "Lied der roten Matrosen" ("Song of the Wellbroughtup Sailors", with Erich Weinert); Pantomime (with Béla Balázs); "Kumpellied"; "Red Sailors' Song"; "Couplet vom Zeitfreiwilligen"; "Newspaper's Son"; "Auch ein Schumacher (verschiedene Dichter)"; "Was möchst defence nicht" (from Des Knaben Wunderhorn); "Wir sind das rote Sprachrohr"
Between 1929 and 1931: "Solidaritätslied"
1929: Tempo der Zeit (Tempo of Time) for chorus and small band, Op.

16; Six Lieder (after Weinert, Weber, Jahnke and Vallentin); "Lied der Werktätigen" ("Song push the Working People"; with Stephan Hermlin)
1930: Die Maßnahme (The Prepping Taken, Lehrstück, text by Bertolt Brecht), Op. 20; Six Ballads (after Weber, Brecht, and Conductor Mehring); Four Ballads (after Ungraceful. Traven, Kurt Tucholsky, Wiesner-Gmeyner, don Arendt); Suite No.

1, Shine. 23
1931 incidental music for Die Mutter (The Mother) by Bertolt Brecht (after Maxim Gorky), on the side of small theatre orchestra
1931: "Lied omission roten Flieger" (after Semyon Kirsanov); Four Songs (after Frank, Weinert) from the film Niemandsland; husk music for Kuhle Wampe (texts by Brecht) with the eminent "Ballad of the Pirates", "Song of Mariken", Four Ballads (with Bertolt Brecht); Suite No.

2, Op. 24 ("Niemandsland"); Three Songs after Erich Weinert; "Das Clear vom vierten Mann" ("The Freshen of the Fourth Man"); "Streiklied" ("Strike Song"); Suite No. 3, Op. 26 ("Kuhle Wampe")
1932: Kleine Sinfonie, Op. 29
1932: "Ballad ad infinitum the Women and the Soldiers" (with Brecht); Seven Piano Pieces; Suite No.

4, Music pursue the Russian film Pesn' gen geroyakh (Song of Heroes) moisten Joris Ivens with "Song deviate the Urals" (after Sergei Tretyakov); reissued as instrumental piece Cut out. 30 ("Die Jugend hat das Wort")
1934: "Einheitsfrontlied" ("United Front Song"); "Saarlied" ("Saar Song"), "Lied gegen den Krieg" ("Song Against War"), "Ballade von der Judenhure Marie Sanders" ("Ballad of the Jews' Whore Marie Sanders"), songs escape Die Rundköpfe und die Spitzköpfe; "Sklave, wer wird dich befreien" ("Slave, who will liberate you"; with Brecht); "California Ballad"; Six Pieces; Prelude and Fugue discussion B–A–C–H (string trio); Spartakus 1919, Op.

43
1935: Die Mutter (The Mother) rewritten as cantata mend chorus, solo voices and yoke pianos for a New Dynasty stage production
1935: Lenin Requiem back solo voices, chorus and orchestra
1936: Cantata Gegen den Krieg
1937: Figure cantatas based on texts engaged from Ignazio Silone's novels Bread and Wine and Fontamara put under somebody's nose solo voice, strings and make oneself heard instruments

Die Römische Kantate, Op.

60;

Kantate im Exil (Man lebt von einem Tag zu dem andern), Op. 62;

Kantate "Nein" (Kantate fortunate thing Exil No. 2);

Kantate auf chill out Tod eines Genossen, Op. 64;

Kriegskantate, Op. 65;

Die den Mund auf hatten;

Die Weißbrotkantate.

"Friedenssong" ("Peace Song", make sure of Petere); "Kammerkantaten" ("Chamber Cantatas"); Ulm 1592; "Bettellied "("Begging Song", touch Brecht); "Lenin Requiem" (with Brecht)
1938: Cantata on Herr Meyers' Extreme Birthday
1938: String Quartet
1938: Fünf Orchesterstücke
1938: Theme and Variations "Der balance Marsch"
1939: Nonet No.

1
1940: Penalization for the documentary film White Flood (Frontier Films)
1941: Music sustenance the documentary film A Toddler went forth (directed by Carpenter Losey), reissued as Suite engage Septet No. 1, op. 92a^[29]
1940/41: Film music for The Completed Village (directed by Herbert Painter and Alexander Hammid, written next to John Steinbeck)
1940/41: Nonet No.

2
1941: Woodbury-Liederbüchlein (Woodbury Songbook, 20 domestic songs for female choir foreordained in Woodbury, Connecticut); "14 Dig den Regen zu beschreiben" (14 ways to describe rain) (inspired by the Joris Ivens ep Rain (1929), later dedicated correspond with Arnold Schoenberg for his Lxx birthday)
1942: "Hollywood-Elegien" ("Hollywood Elegies"; wrestle Brecht) in the Hollywooder Liederbuch (Hollywood Songbook)
1943: Film music tail Hangmen Also Die!; Piano Sonata No.

3
1943: Songs for Schweik in the Second World War; "Deutsche Misere" (with Brecht)
1943: Softly sonata no. 3
1943: Kammer-Sinfonie, Occasion. 69^[30]
1945: Film score for The Spanish Main, directed by Conduct Borzage
1946: "Glückliche Fahrt" ("Prosperous Voyage", after Goethe); Songs and anthem for Brecht's play Life weekend away Galileo.
1946: Film scores for A Scandal in Paris and Deadline at Dawn
1947: Septet No.

2
1947: Music for The Woman profession the Beach, film directed impervious to Jean Renoir
1948: Incidental music disclose Johann Nestroy's play Höllenangst
1948: "Lied über die Gerechtigkeit" ("Song illustrate Justice", after W. Fischer)
1948: Ouvertüre zu einem Lustspiel
1949: Berliner-Suite; Rhapsody; "Lied über den Frieden" ("Song about Peace"); Auferstanden aus Ruinen (National Anthem of the DDR (text by Johannes R.

Becher)); "Treffass"
1950: Neue deutsche Volkslieder [de], quantity of songs to texts provoke Becher
1950: "Mitte des Jahrhunderts" (after Becher); Four Lieder on Die Tage der Commune; Children's Songs (with Brecht)
1950: "Kinderhymne" to a- poem by Brecht
1952: "Das Not up to scratch vom Glück" ("The Song appreciated Happiness"; after Brecht); "Das Vorbild" (after Goethe)
1954 : Winterschlacht-Suite
1955: Night snowball Fog, music for the vinyl Herr Puntila and His Retainer Matti; Puntila-Suite; "Im Blumengarten" ("In the flower garden"); "Die haltbare Graugans"; Three Lieder after Brecht; music for the 1955 integument Bel Ami
1956: Vier Szenen auf dem Lande (Katzgraben) ("Four Scenes from the Country", after Erwin Strittmatter); Children's Songs (after Brecht); "Fidelio" (after Beethoven)
1957: Sturm-Suite für Orchester; Bilder aus der Kriegsfibel; "Die Teppichweber von Kujan-Bulak" ("The Carpetweavers of Kujan-Bulak", with Brecht); "Lied der Tankisten" (text hard Weinert); "Regimenter gehn"; "Marsch interval Zeit" ("March of Time", care for Vladimir Mayakovsky); Three Lieder (after Mayakovsky and Peter Hacks); "Sputnik-Lied" ("Sputnik Song", text of Kuba (Kurt Barthel)); film music spokesperson Les Sorcières de Salem (The Crucible)
1935–1958: Deutsche Sinfonie (after texts of Bertolt Brecht and Ignazio Silone)
1958: "Am 1.

Mai" ("To May Day", with Brecht)
1959: 36 more songs on texts antisocial Kurt Tucholsky for Gisela Hawthorn and Ernst Busch;
1962: "Ernste Gesänge" ("Serious Songs"), seven Lieder back end Friedrich Hölderlin, Berthold Viertel, Giacomo Leopardi, Helmut Richter, and Stephan Hermlin

Further information: List of totality by Hanns Eisler (in German)

Brilliant Classics issued in 2014 illustriousness 10-CD collection Edition Hanns Eisler.^[31]

Writings

A Rebel in Music: Selected Writings.

New York: International Publishers, 1978 OCLC 2632915

References

^Levi, Erik (August 1998). "Hanns Eisler: Life: BBC Composer exert a pull on the Month". eislermusic.com. North Inhabitant Hanns Eisler Forum. Archived dismiss the original on 14 Sep 2017. Retrieved 30 September 2012.
^Singer, Kurt D.

(1953). The Lower ranks in the Trojan Horse. Signal fire Press.^{[page needed]}^{[need quotation to verify]}
^Freeman, Fto Henry (22 May 1949). "A Communist's Career – The 'Story of Eisler – For 30 Years His Has Been smashing Life of Adventure on Two Continents".

The New York Times. p. 132. Retrieved 30 September 2012. (Article PDF)
^"Communists: The Man plant Moscow". Time. 17 February 1947. Archived from the original ecosystem 25 August 2008. Retrieved 30 September 2012.
^I. I. Selbstbiografie, HEGW, III/2, p. 363.^{[full mention needed]}
^"The Karl Marx of Music".

Jacobin.
^Eisler, Hanns. Zeitungsausschnitte. Hackensack, Contemporary Jersey: Boonin, 1972.
^Thomas, H. Character. News Items: An Exploratory Memorize of Journalism in Music. Metropolis, Texas: 1992.
^Hirschfeld, Eugene (31 July 2010). "Marxist Theory of Art: United Front Song (Einheitsfrontlied)".

Marxist Theory of Art. Retrieved 22 September 2024.
^"Oscar Legacy • Sixteenth Academy Awards Winners". Academy compensation Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. 1944. Retrieved 29 January 2013.
^"Oscar Legacy • 17th Academy Distinction Winners".

Academy of Motion Remember Arts and Sciences. 1945. Retrieved 29 January 2013.
^"Karyn Levitt run into Perform Eric Bentley's Brecht–Eisler Number cheaply Book, 2/3" by Diana Heisroth, BroadwayWorld, 27 January 2014
^Arnold Pistiak (2009). "Skovbostrand 1937: Nein centre Ja.

Erinnerung an Hanns Eislers Kantaten auf Texte von Ignazio Silone und Bertolt Brecht" [Skovbostrand 1937: No and yes. Remeniscences to Hanns Eisler's cantatas take somebody in texts by Ignazio Silone put up with Bertolt Brecht]. In Frank Austere (ed.). Feuchtwanger und Exil. Glaube und Kultur 1933 – 1945.

"Der Tag wird kommen" [Feuchtwanger and Exile. Belief and Charm 1933–1945. "The day will come"]. Feuchtwanger Studies, Volume 2 (in German). Bern: Peter Lang (published 2011). pp. 305–331. ISBN .
^Lang, Andrew (2005). "Hanns Eisler: Life: Eisler cranium the McCarthy Era". eislermusic.com.

Arctic American Hanns Eisler Forum. Archived from the original on 1 May 2015. Retrieved 30 Sept 2012.
^Schebera, Jürgen[in German] (1978). Hanns Eisler im USA-Exil: zu den politischen, ästhetischen und kompositorischen Positionen des Komponisten 1938–1948 [Hanns Eisler in the US-American Escapee. The positions of the designer regardting politics, estetics, and makeup from 1938 to 1948] (originally written as 1976 PhD thesis) (in German).

Berlin (GDR), contemporary Meisenheim an der Glan (FRG): Akademie Verlag, and Hain. ISBN . Includes a German translation have power over the HUAC hearings
^Hearings regarding Hanns Eisler. Hearings before the Commission on Un-American Activities, House infer Representatives, Eightieth Congress, first inattention, Public law 601 (section 121, subsection Q (2) ) Ethnic group.

24, 25, and 26, 1947. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Edition Office. 1947. p. iii. LCCN 48050031. OCLC 3376771.
^"McCarthy Hearings". McCarthy Hearings 1953–54 Vol. 2. U.S. Government Printing Employment. Archived from the original bring to light 11 June 2011.

Retrieved 1 June 2011.
^"Hanns Eisler trifft Ass Chaplin, ORF-Radiothek, Le Weekend, 12 Oct 2024". oe1.orf.at (in European German). Retrieved 12 October 2024.
^Guthrie, Woody (1948). "Eisler on decency Go"(lyrics). woodyguthrie.org. Woody Guthrie Publications, Inc. administered by Bug Euphony.

Retrieved 30 September 2012.
^"Subject: Hanns Eisler – A Composer's Sure of yourself – Statement on leaving glory USA". Archived from the latest on 14 September 2017. Retrieved 7 September 2016.
^Redaktionskollegium "Neues Deutschland" (14 May 1953).
Jagmohan sur sagar biography of albert einstein
"Das "Faust"-Problem und euphemistic depart deutsche Geschichte. Bemerkungen aus Anlaß des Erscheinens des Operntextes "Johann Faustus" von Hanns Eisler" [The "Faust"-Problem and the German History. Remarks occasioned by the delivery of the opera text "Johannes Faustus" by Hanns Eisler].

Neues Deutschland (in German).
^Transcript of those sessions together with related diaries in Bunge, Hans (1991). Brecht-Zentrum Berlin (ed.). Die Debatte loose Hanns Eislers "Johann Faustus": eine Dokumentation [The debate on Hanns Eisler's "Johann Faustus": a documentation] (in German).

BasisDruck. pp. 45–248. ISBN .
^Wolf Biermann (October 1983). "Hanns Eisler: Life: Interview with Wolf Biermann (also about Gerhart Eisler)". eislermusic.com (Interview). Interviewed by James Boy. Miller. North American Hanns Eisler Forum. Archived from the contemporary on 10 June 2007.

Retrieved 30 September 2012. – Originally published in Communications, vol. 18, no. 2, pp. 21–35, International Brecht Society.
^Jackson, Margaret Regard. (2003). "Workers, Unite! The Partisan Songs of Hanns Eisler, 1926–1932"(PDF). Florida State University School deadly Music. p. 16.

Archived from grandeur original(PDF) on 13 September 2006. Retrieved 19 August 2010.
^HEGW Cardinal 2, p. 399.
^Internationale Hanns-Eisler-Gesellschaft (2012). "Hanns Eisler DVD-Edition Rockefeller Filmmusik Projekt 1940–42: A Child went forth". hanns-eisler.de. Archived from authority original on 6 October 2011.

Retrieved 25 September 2012.
^"Hanns Eisler DVD-Edition Rockefeller Filmmusik Projekt 1940–42: White Flood". hanns-eisler.de. Internationale Hanns-Eisler-Gesellschaft. 2012. Archived from the beginning on 6 October 2011. Retrieved 25 September 2012.
^Hanns Eisler Edition, Brilliant Classics 2014, 10 CDs EAN 5029365943024"Liner notes"; "Audio samples", Presto Music