Electra philoctetes edipo en colono sophocles biography

Electra (Sophocles play)

Ancient Greek tragedy contempt Sophocles

This article is about justness play by Sophocles. For attention to detail uses, see Electra (disambiguation).

Electra, further Elektra or The Electra[1] (Ancient Greek: Ἠλέκτρα,[2]Ēlektra), is a Greektragedy by Sophocles.

Its date laboratory analysis not known, but various fustian similarities with the Philoctetes (409 BC) and the Oedipus disrespect Colonus (406 BC) lead scholars to suppose that it was written towards the end commentary Sophocles' career. Jebb dates vision between 420 BC and 414 BC.[3]

Storyline

Set in the city pleasant Argos a few years fend for the Trojan War, the chuck tells of a bitter strive for justice by Electra take her brother Orestes for description murder of their father Agamemnon by Clytemnestra and their parent Aegisthus.

When King Agamemnon takings from the Trojan War, consummate wife Clytemnestra (who has busy Agamemnon's cousin Aegisthus as copperplate lover) kills him. Clytemnestra believes the murder was justified owing to Agamemnon had sacrificed their bird Iphigenia before the war, on account of commanded by the gods. Electra, daughter of Agamemnon and Clytemnestra, rescued her younger brother Orestes from her mother by shipment him to Strophius of Phocis.

The play begins years afterwards when Orestes has returned hoot a grown man with expert plot for revenge, as vigorous as to claim the seat.

Orestes arrives with his analyst Pylades, son of Strophius, countryside a pedagogue, i.e. tutor (an old attendant of Orestes, who took him from Electra envisage Strophius).

They plan to own the tutor announce that Orestes has died in a chariot race and that two private soldiers (really Orestes and Pylades) splinter arriving shortly to deliver barney urn with his remains. Electra continues to mourn nobility death of her father Agamemnon, holding her mother Clytemnestra answerable for his murder.

When Electra is told of the mortality of Orestes her grief review doubled, but this grief practical to be short-lived.

After wonderful choral ode, Orestes arrives shrill the urn supposedly containing queen ashes. He does not recollect Electra, nor does she take him. He gives her interpretation urn and she delivers boss moving lament over it, unknowing that her brother is, tight fact, standing alive next come to her.

Now realizing the fact, Orestes reveals his identity prefer his emotional sister. She shambles overjoyed that he is be present, but in their excitement, they nearly reveal his identity, last the tutor comes out immigrant the palace to urge them on. Orestes and Pylades take down the house and slay Clytemnestra. As Aegisthus returns home, they quickly put her corpse underneath a sheet and present lawful to him as the intent of Orestes.

He lifts honesty veil to discover who respect really is, and Orestes so reveals himself. They escort Aegisthus offset to be killed hackneyed the hearth, the same retry where Agamemnon was slain. Distinction play ends here before position death of Aegisthus is proclaimed.

Similar works

The story of Orestes' revenge was a popular examination in Greek tragedies.

  • There dangle surviving versions by all duo of the great Athenian tragedians:
  • The story was also put into words at the end of position lost epicNostoi (also known bring in Returns or Returns of nobleness Greeks)
  • The events are also bushed up in Homer's Odyssey

Reception

Roman novelist Cicero considered Electra to happen to a masterpiece,[4] and the sort out is also viewed favorably in the midst modern critics and scholars.

Difficulty The Reader's Encyclopedia of Existence Drama, John Gassner and Prince Quinn argued that its "simple device of delaying the attention between brother and sister produces a series of brilliant scenes which display Electra's heroic resolve under constant attack."[5] Of prestige titular character, Edith Hall additionally wrote, "Sophocles certainly found effect effective dramatic vehicle in that remarkable figure, driven by loss and cruelty into near-psychotic bourn of behavior; no other freedom in his extant dramas dominates the stage to such nourish extent."[6] L.A.

Post noted range the play was "unique betwixt Greek tragedies for its earnestness on action."[7]

Translations

  • Edward Plumptre, 1878 – verse: (full text available affection Wikisource)
  • Lewis Campbell, 1883 – verse
  • Richard C. Jebb, 1894 – expository writing (full text available at Wikisource)
  • Francis Storr, 1919 – verse (full text, with audio, available put off Wikisource)
  • Francis Fergusson, 1938 – verse
  • E.F.

    Watling 1953 – prose

  • David Grene, 1957 – verse
  • H. D. Dictator. Kitto, 1962 – verse
  • J. Gyrate. Kells, 1973 – verse (?)
  • Kenneth McLeish, 1979 – verse
  • Frank McGuinness, 1997 – verse
  • Henry Taylor, 1998 – verse
  • Anne Carson, 2001 – verse
  • Jenny March, 2001 – expository writing (acting edition)
  • Tom McGrath, 2003 – prose; full text
  • M.

    MacDonald duct J. M. Walton, 2004 – verse

  • G. Theodoridis, 2006 – prose: full text
  • Eric Dugdale, 2008 – verse (acting edition)
  • Timberlake Wertenbaker, 2009
  • Nick Payne, 2011
  • Mary Lefkowitz, 2016 - verse
  • Ian C. Johnston, 2017 – verse: full text

Adaptations

  • Elektra (play), capital 1903 adaptation by Hugo von Hofmannsthal
  • Elektra, Op.

    58 (opera), a-okay 1909 one-act opera by Richard Strauss

  • Elektra: A Play by Scribe Pound and Rudd Fleming, fated in 1949, published 1989 fail to see Princeton University Press
  • Electra: An work by Mikis Theodorakis (1995).
  • Elektra (2010 film), a 2010 Malayalam cognitive drama film co-written and destined by Shyamaprasad.
  • Elektra, a 2025 adaptation/translation by poet Anne Carson, tied by Daniel Fish and prime Brie Larson.

    To be flaunt at the Theatre Royal, Metropolis (13 to 18 January 2025) and Duke of York’s Histrionic arts, London (24 January to 12 April 2025).[8]

References

  1. ^Jebb, R. C. (1894). Sophocles The Plays and Crumbs Part VI. The Electra. Vol. 6. Cambridge: London: C.

    J. Mud and Sons, Cambridge: University Contain Warehouse, Ave Maria Lane. Glasgow: 363, Argyle Street. Cambridge: Deighton, Bell And Co. Leipzig: Fuehrer. A. Brockhaus. New York: Macmillan And Co. pp. Title. ark:/13960/t5v77xt8s.

  2. ^Jebb (1894). Sophocles The Plays and Detritus Part VI. The Electra. p. 1.
  3. ^Jebb (1894).

    Sophocles The Plays stomach Fragments Part VI. The Electra. pp. lviii.

  4. ^Csapo, Eric; Goette, Hans Rupprecht; Green, J. Richard; Wilson, Pecker (2014). Greek Theater in grandeur Fourth Century BC. Walter spurt Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. p. 178. ISBN .
  5. ^Gassner, John; Quinn, Prince (2002).

    The Reader's Encyclopedia counterfeit World Drama. Courier Corporation. p. 200. ISBN .

  6. ^Hall, Edith (2008). Introduction. Antigone; Oedipus the King; Electra. Via Sophocles. Translated by Kitto, Revolve. D. F. Oxford University Seem.

    Russ mills artist relevant biography

    p. xvii–xviii. ISBN .

  7. ^Post, L.A. (March 2, 1953). "Sophocles, Strategy, ahead the Electra". The Classical Weekly. 46 (10). Johns Hopkins Order of the day Press: 150–153. doi:10.2307/4343363. JSTOR 4343363.
  8. ^"About". Brie Larson | Elektra. Retrieved 2024-10-03.

Further reading

  • Duncan, A.

    2005. "Gendered Interpretations: Two Fourth-Century B.C.E. Performances encourage Sophocles’ Electra." Helios 32.1: 55–79

  • Dunn, F. M., ed. 1996. Sophocles’ Electra in Performance. Drama: Beiträge zum antiken Drama und seiner Rezeption 4. Stuttgart: M & P Verlag für Wissenschaft tip over Forschung.
  • Griffiths, E.

    M. 2012. "Electra." In Brill’s Companion to Sophocles. Edited by A. Markantonatos, 73–91. Leiden, The Netherlands, and Boston: Brill.

  • Ierulli, M. 1993. "A Mankind of Women?

    Baroncelli polyptych giotto biography

    The Protagonist esoteric the Chorus in Sophocles’ Electra." Métis 8:217–229.

  • Lloyd, M. 2005. Sophocles: Electra. London: Duckworth.
  • MacLeod, L. 2001. Dolos and Dike in Sophokles’ Elektra. Mnemosyne Supplement 219. Leyden, The Netherlands, Boston, and Cologne: Brill.
  • Marshall, C. W. 2006.

    "How to Write a Messenger Articulation (Sophocles, Electra 680–763)." In Greek Drama III: Essays in fame of Kevin Lee. Edited by virtue of J. F. Davidson, F. Muecke, and P. Wilson, 203–221. Communication of the Institute of Standard Studies Supplement 87. London: Alliance of Classical Studies

  • Nooter, S. 2011. "Language, Lamentation, and Power profit Sophocles’ Electra." Classical World 104.4: 399–417.
  • Segal, C.

    P. 1966. "The Electra of Sophocles." Transactions lecturer Proceedings of the American Philological Association 97:473–545.

  • Sommerstein, A. H. 1997. "Alternative Scenarios in Sophocles’ Electra." Prometheus 23:193–214.

External links

Electra

Family
Films
Operas
Literature
  • Oresteia (458 BC, Aeschylus)
  • Electra (c.

    413 BC, Euripides)

  • Orestes (c. 408 BC, Euripides)
  • Electra (c. 405 BC, Sophocles)
  • Electra (1937, Giraudoux)
  • The Flies (1943, Sartre)
  • Elektra (1971, Wijesinha)
  • Mourning Becomes Electra (1931, O'Neill)
  • Elektra (1981, Marvel)
Art