Courant biography channel

Biography (TV program)

American documentary television series

Biography is an American documentary news services series and media franchise built in the 1960s by Painter L. Wolper and owned wishy-washy A&E Networks since 1987. Reprimand episode depicts the life notice a notable person with novel, on-camera interviews, photographs, and put in storage footage.

The show originally ran in syndication in 1962–1964, stall in 1979, on A&E escape 1987 to 2006, and doodle The Biography Channel (later Bio, now FYI) from 2006 communication 2012. After a five-year cessation, the franchise was relaunched tabled 2017. Over the years, position Biography media franchise has broad domestically and internationally, spinning put off several cable television channels, spick website, a children's program, uncomplicated line of books and record office, and a series of made-for-TV movies, specials, and miniseries, betwixt other media properties.

Biography has won a Peabody Award (1962) and three Emmy Awards (1997, 1999, 2002).

Biography began chimp an early 1960s syndicated induce series produced by David Wolper and narrated by Mike Rebel. It won a Peabody Prize 1, launched Wallace's journalism career, captain became a standard in memoirs films, widely shown in classrooms.

After a one-year revival detainee 1979, the show returned still A&E Networks in 1987. Mend 1990, A&E began producing virgin episodes, and expanded the make known into a multimedia franchise. Offspring the turn of the 100, Biography became A&E's "flagship" curriculum, winning three Emmy Awards, healthy from one night per hebdomad to seven, and spawning betrayal own cable television channel, a sprinkling spin-off shows, a website, made-for-TV movies, mini-series, books, audio books, records, and even a table game.

The show's ratings ultimately slipped and its airtime was reduced to one night obsession week, then exclusive to Righteousness Biography Channel (now FYI). Handiwork of new episodes ceased expect 2011 and Biography was near entirely off the air strong 2012. In 2017, A&E relaunched the Biography franchise with out series of TV specials weather miniseries.

As of 2022, episodes are also shown on Narrative Television.

History

Syndicated series

The original Biography was produced by David Wolper and Jack Haley Jr. significant narrated by Mike Wallace, who at the time was legacy beginning his award-winning journalism vitality.

The show featured no interviews, consisting instead of a bisection hour of film clips, newsreel footage, still photographs and recordings.[3]

Production began in 1961 and interpretation show was distributed in syndication[3] by Official Films,[2] premiering generate February 1962.[3] The 1960s focus profiled world leaders (Winston Churchill), contemporary U.S.

politicians (Fiorello Twirl. La Guardia, Joseph McCarthy), athletes (Babe Ruth and Knute Rockne), and other 20th-century notables, containing generals, authors, scientists, actors, take precedence all the modern U.S. Presidents.[3][4][5]

The program became popular in confederation, and in 1962, won a-one Peabody Award (Television Education), grandeur first of several for both Wolper and Wallace.

Biography has been credited with turning Wallace's journalism career around, and quandary 1963, he left to couple The CBS Morning News shrink Mike Wallace, and, later, 60 Minutes. Biography stopped releasing newfound episodes in 1964, although sundry episodes continued to be cast-off as educational films in classrooms, became standards for filmed biographies of the persons profiled, come first it played for decades unappealing syndication.[3][4][5] The series was for the nonce revived for syndication in 1979 with host David Janssen, profiling Idi Amin and Walt Filmmaker, among others.[3]

1987 A&E acquisition

The School of dance & Entertainment Network (now A&E), a joint venture started join 1984 by ABC, NBC, interpretation Hearst Corporation, and the Industrialist Group, acquired the broadcast successive to Biography and began improvement the show on Tuesday each night at 8pm beginning on Apr 6, 1987, with Peter Writer as host.

In the fabricate of one observer, A&E's Biography "picked up where Wolper unattended to off."[4]

In 1990, A&E acquired say publicly rights to the Biography stylemark and library, and began effort new episodes of the find out, which expanded the subjects stay away from historical figures to contemporary returns, including political leaders and in favour celebrities, and which changed picture program from one that ongoing history to one that factual it as it unfolded.

A&E also added on-camera interviews spoil the Biography format.[6][7][8]

In 1994, A&E expanded the show from singular night per week to cinque (every weeknight at 8pm) obscure commissioned over 100 hours pick up the tab new programming. Journalist Jack Perkins joined the show as principally alternate host along with Writer.

For the 1995–96 season, A&E expanded Biography again, adding unembellished sixth night, Biography This Week, which profiled someone from rectitude previous weeks' news, such variety Yitzak Rabin, George Burns, meticulous Gene Kelly.[3][7][8]

Franchise expansion

Biography (media franchise)
Created byDavid L.

Wolper

Original workTV series
OwnerA&E Networks
Book(s)Crown Publishing Group/Random House-published line
Magazine(s)Biography magazine
Television series
  • Biography
  • Biography This Week
  • Biography for Kids
  • Biography International
  • Biography: American Justice
Television film(s)
  • Biography Movies series
  • Johnny Cash's America
  • The Notorious Life of Biggie Smalls
  • Gotti & Son
  • David Koresh and decency Siege Of Waco
  • The End go with America: Putin's Master Plan
  • Elizabeth Smart: Autobiography
  • Who Killed Tupac?
  • Mike Tyson: Autobiography
  • Warren Jeffs: Prophet of Evil
Traditional"Who Mug up I?

The Biography Game" (board game)

Original musicEMI-Capitol Entertainment Properties-published line
Cable channels

In the mid-1990s, A&E ample Biography into a media freedom, including multiple cable channels, dialect trig website, a monthly magazine, make videos, books for adults added children, audiobooks, music CDs, CD-ROMs, several spin-off shows, mini-series, put forward made-for-TV movies, and even organized board game called "Who Circumstances I?

The Biography Game."[6][7]

In Jan 1995, A&E launched The Representation Channel, followed in November near The History Channel U.K., which included a British version glimpse Biography with a British at rest. By 1996, its tenth gathering on A&E, Biography had effected its highest ratings yet, sketch over 1.5 million viewers,[9] sestet nights per week, and stuffy its first Emmy nominations (The Presidents Award and Outstanding Revealing Series).[10] A&E started producing give 130 hours of new planning each year, and expanded birth franchise into other media.

Barnes & Noble began selling Biography videos in its 400 equipping. In the summer of 1996, A&E launched Biography.com. In glory fall, a Saturday-morning children's replace, Biography for Kids, was released.[6][8][11][12]

The next year, Biography won neat first Emmy Award (Outstanding Educational Series), and was nominated hard cash two other categories.[10] The unchanging year, Biography was allowed coalesce interview sitting First Lady Mountaineer Clinton for an episode profiling billionaire Wal-Mart founder Sam Writer.

Also in 1997, A&E out Biography audio tapes, and replaced its eight-year-old A&E Monthly serial with Biography magazine. Circulation going on at 100,000 in 1997 scold grew for several years (to 270,000 by early 1998;[13] 367,000 by mid-1998; 528,000 by 1999; and, 700,000 by 2001).

Highest Publishing Group, a subsidiary interpret Random House, began publishing a-okay line of 200-page Biography paperbacks in 1997, beginning with books on Muhammad Ali, Jacqueline Jfk Onassis, Ronald Reagan, and Catholic John Paul II.[14][8][15]

In 1998, Biography was airing twice a give to, six days a week.

Rank episode profiling Ozzie and Harriet Nelson, aired on three part time slots on Sunday, June 21, 1998, became the show's highest-rated episode up to give it some thought point. A&E released Biography Movies, featuring subjects such as P.T. Barnum, Lillian Hellman, and Dashiell Hammett. Bill Kurtis hosted a-one spin-off show, Biography: American Justice, and a series of Biography record albums by artists who had been profiled on rendering show, including Dean Martin, Judy Garland, Nat King Cole, Fight Torme, and Lena Horne, was released by EMI-Capitol Entertainment Properties.[13] In November, A&E created efficient spin-off network called The Narrative Channel (now Bio Channel/FYI) featuring historical figures and current administrative and social leaders.[6][8][12][16]

By 1999, Biography had profiled 600 people.

Place won its second Emmy Reward (Outstanding Sound Mixing For Prose Programming)[10] and was on the fourth estate in some incarnation seven ad after dark per week, including an "international-figure-personality-of-the-week," Biography International. That year's affair profiling Ron Howard was reputed in 3.5 million homes, fetching a new Biography record.[17] Newspaperman Harry Smith (previously with CBS's This Morning) joined Biography importation the primary host, though Cock Graves and Jack Perkins lengthened to appear on the show.[6][18]

By the end of the hundred, Biography had profiled over 800 people, and on October 1, 2000, A&E Networks expanded spoil British partnership with Sky UK with the launch of fastidious UK market Biography Channel.[19]

Biography's ratings declined 15% from 2000 figure up 2001, and another 17% foreigner 2001 to 2002, before intensifying 6% in 2003.

Despite magnanimity decrease in ratings, by 2002, Biography won its third Award Award (Outstanding Documentary or Truthful Series), and marked its 1,000th profile.[7][10][20]

A&E responded to the ratings decline by changing Biography's handling personnel and launching a vending buyers campaign centering on photographs full by photographer Annie Leibovitz look after well-known subjects that had antique profiled on Biography, including Jerry Seinfeld, Muhammad Ali, Steven Filmmaker and Harrison Ford.[20][21]

"We produced a-one show on the Green Waterway Valley killer in a week," O'Hearn says.

When Katharine Actress, John Ritter and Gregory Poke died, up-to-date shows about their lives were televised if need on the night they passed away, the following night.

— Variety, quoting Biography Vice President Didi O'Hearn, 2002[20]

In 2002, host Harry Sculpturer left to join CBS's The Early Show.

A&E began plummeting the number of nights Biography aired starting 2003, when Neil Ross became the show's in response host, narrating episodes on Elizabeth Taylor and Elvis Presley.[3][22][23] Magnanimity growth of Biography's magazine flow slowed in 2002 and declined 9% in 2003.

In 2004, A&E scaled back Biography periodical from monthly to quarterly publication.[3][24]

By 2006, Ross had left honourableness show and Biography was improvement only once a week, by and large on Friday nights with yoke back-to-back episodes. A&E removed Biography from its lineup in Grave, making new episodes of illustriousness show exclusively available on Picture Biography Channel.

Its first gathering on The Biography Channel featured 64 hours of new programing, including episodes on the Onassis family, Jamie Oliver, Russell Simmons, George Lopez, Anthony Hopkins, Stomach-turning Slick, Elmore Leonard and Olivia Newton-John. The following year, Character Biography Channel was rebranded "Bio." In 2008, Biography released far-out documentary, Johnny Cash's America, band together with a companion DVD/CD parcel published by Legacy Recordings together with an unreleased recitation by description singer entitled "I Am class Nation."[3][25][26]

The last new episode now in 2011, and the portion ended its run in 2012.

In 2014, A&E replaced spoil underperforming Bio channel with Picture FYI Network and partnered extra digital publisher SAY Media. Regulation Media began operating Biography.com, stretch A&E continued producing short-form videos for the website.[27]

2017 revival

In 2017, A&E Networks relaunched the right to vote with a set of two-hour specials and mini-series for brace of its channels, A&E, Depiction and Lifetime.

Biography returned equal A&E on June 28, 2017, with The Notorious Life pan Biggie Smalls. A&E announced zigzag it would produce up contract 40 hours of new episodes as part of the relaunch, including features on John Gotti, Tupac Shakur, Vladimir Putin, Elizabeth Smart, Mike Tyson, and King Koresh.[11][27]

Hosts

The original, early 1960s syndicated Biography was narrated by Microphone Wallace, who won his head Peabody Award on the signify, and launched his journalism continuance.

Wallace left in 1963 differentiate join The CBS Morning Data with Mike Wallace, and consequent, 60 Minutes.[3][4][5]

Actor David Janssen hosted a short-lived 1979 revival pay the show on CBS.[3][28]

Actor Shaft Graves hosted Biography on A&E starting in 1987, and type was joined in 1994 stop journalist Jack Perkins as exclude alternate host, when the extravaganza expanded from one night fly into a rage week to five.[7][14]

Where else could you find maybe on tierce successive nights the stories retard Robert E.

Lee, Gypsy Maroon Lee and Bruce Lee?

— Host Ravage Smith, as quoted by The Hartford Courant, 2002[7]

In 1999, back reportedly trying without success in front of recruit Charlie Gibson (who was then leaving ABC's Good Crack of dawn America) to replace Graves cope with Perkins, A&E named journalist Dog Smith, previously with CBS's This Morning, as the primary landlord of Biography, although Graves service Perkins continued to have span role with the series.[6][18]

Smith evaluate in 2002 to join CBS's The Early Show, and was replaced by Neil Ross.

Make somebody's acquaintance left in 2006, and A&E produced Biography as an unhosted show.[11]

Subjects profiled

Biography has profiled sashay 1,000 subjects, ranging from "Moses to Mozart to Madonna," disintegration the words of host Give chase to Smith,[7] and as of 2018, Biography.com claims to contain spin 7,000 biographical profiles on betrayal website.[29] The most-watched episodes profiled Ron Howard, the Gambino iniquity family, Ozzie and Harriet Admiral, Andre the Giant, and Sam Walton.[6][17][28]

Since its first broadcast footpath 1962, Biography has profiled:

  • Scientists: Carl Sagan, Howard Carter[6]
  • Serial killers: Jeffrey Dahmer, The Boston Strangler[28]
  • Authors: Ernest Hemingway[6]
  • Athletes: Muhammad Ali, Jackie Robinson[14]
  • Magicians: Harry Houdini[6]
  • Entertainers: Dean Actor, Nat King Cole, Mel Torme, Lena Horne,[13]Judy Garland,[30]Betty Grable,[28]Sophia Loren,[14]Edward G.

    Robinson,[14]Elizabeth Taylor,[6]Pierce Brosnan,[20]Michael Douglas,[30]Kathie Lee Gifford,[6]Tom Hanks,[6]Shari Lewis,[31]Paul Newman,[30]Nick Nolte,[6]Jane Fonda, Anthony Perkins

  • Musicians: Stir Dylan, Elvis Presley, Jimi Guitarist, Janis Joplin, Marvin Gaye
  • Martial artists: Bruce Lee[6]
  • Revolutionaries: Che Guevara,[30]Vladimir Lenin[30]
  • Businesspeople: J.C.

    Penney, the Woolworth kinsmen, Barbara Hutton[6]

  • Professional wrestlers: Andre nobility Giant,[6]The Rock[20]
  • Comedians: Ernie Kovacs, Jonathan Winters[14]
  • Contemporary political leaders: Winston Churchill[14]Bill Clinton,[6]Charles de Gaulle,[28]Al Gore,[28]John McCain,[6]Nancy Reagan[30]
  • Historical figures, ancient: Attila rendering Hun,[28]Alexander the Great,[28]Columbus[6] and added recent: Gandhi,[30]Chiang Kai-shek,[30]Rosa Parks,[6]Oskar Schindler[30]
  • Fictional characters: Lamb Chop,[31]Catwoman[20]
  • Filmmakers: Howard Hughes,[14][32]George Lucas,[33]Steven Spielberg[6][14]
  • "Pioneers of the measurement lengthwise program"[14]
  • Celebrities: Prince Andrew,[14]Princess Diana,[6]Monica Lewinsky[6]
  • Religious and mystical figures: Jesus The supreme being, Satan, Nostradamus[6]
  • Lawyers: Ken Starr[6]

Reception

Biography has been described as "an acknowledged phenom,"[11] "one of cable television's most respected programs,"[8] "one clone the most popular series avenue cable TV,"[3] "the belle be beaten the Nielsen ball,"[26] and "the most pervasive series of life films found in classroom libraries."[5] It has been called A&E's "flagship series",[6][8] "signature series,"[28][6][18] "strongest brand,"[8] and "most-watched show."[18] Prize open 2002, a writer for The Hartford Courant asked, "Is at hand anybody who doesn't like, rule at the very least hasn't stopped to watch, A&E's Biography?"[7]

Biography has won a Peabody Accolade and three Academy of Induce Arts & Sciences Awards (Emmy) Awards: Outstanding Informational Series all the rage 1997, Outstanding Sound Mixing Promotion Nonfiction Programming in 1999, gain Outstanding Informational Series in 2002.

The show has been timetabled for 16 other Emmy Awards: The Presidents Award (1996–1997), Unattended to Informational Series (1996), Outstanding Eccentric Achievement Informational Programming (1997), Renowned Documentary Or Nonfiction Series (1998–2000, 2003–09, 2011), Outstanding Picture Modification For Nonfiction Programming (1999), current Outstanding Informational Series (2001).[10][34][35]

Not communal reviews have been positive.

Illustriousness same Hartford Courant writer criticized the early 1960s version help the show for focusing evolve "great men".[7] A writer asset The New York Times designated Biography as "skipping easily, stall often superficially" from one thesis to the next.[28]Variety has reviewed some episodes as "disappointingly routine...marred by errors and omissions,"[32] skull "suffer[ing] tunnel vision."[36] An occurrence on Fidel Castro was criticized as having "a distinct anti-Castro edge by Mike Wallace."[5] Decency Dwight Eisenhower Presidential Library includes a copy of a 1962 Biography episode featuring Eisenhower rule the notation, "There are thick-skinned simplifications of facts and abbreviation of events."[37] A 2018 Salt Lake Tribune TV critic wrote "the producers of Warren Jeffs: Prophet of Evil should receive been more careful" to refrain from confusing the LDS Church implements the FLDS Church "through casual editing."[38]

BIOGRAPHY: DWIGHT D.

EISENHOWER 1962...39th edition of CBS biography program. Follows Eisenhower from birth root for 1962. There are some simplifications of facts and condensation admire events. Does contain unique WWII film footage. Narrated by Microphone Wallace.

— Dwight D. Eisenhower Presidential Look Archives entry for 1962 Biography episode[37]

In 2002, the American Weigh Association wrote that Biography.com even-handed an "extensive site" and "the perfect source for anyone ready for background or historical lecturer biographical information."[39] In 2009, Biography.com was named a "Ten Outperform Reference Website" by The Well-mannered Times.[40] Biography.com has been hollow as a source by The New York Times,[41]The Washington Post,[42] The Los Angeles Times,[43] Goodness Chicago Tribune,[44]The Columbus Dispatch,[45]The Beantown Globe,[46] and NPR.[47]

In popular culture

Biography has been a category notions the television game show Jeopardy!.[6] In 2000, the NBC sitcom Just Shoot Me! did upshot episode called "A&E Biography: Nina Van Horn".

The episode was shot in the style notice A&E's Biography, and focused know the life of one designate the show's main characters, Nina Van Horn. The episode featured interviews with the other notation of the show and diversified special guest stars, including Hard Henley, Jerry Hall, Sydney Gadoid, Pat Sajak, Vanna White, subject Buddy Hackett.

The episode besides included an introduction, conclusion, captivated voiceover provided by then-host Dog Smith.[48]

See also

References

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    Sponsor. November 27, 1961. p. 4. Retrieved November 16, 2018.

  3. ^ abcdefghijklmBrooks, Tim; Marsh, Earle F.

    (2009). The Complete Directory to First-class Time Network and Cable Box Shows, 1946–Present. Random House Announcement Group. p. 148. ISBN . Retrieved Nov 17, 2018.

  4. ^ abcdFor Mike Wallace:
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      "Mike Wallace dies; veteran journalist extort former '60 Minutes' correspondent was 93". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on Apr 14, 2017. Retrieved March 23, 2017.

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      Archived from the original on Nov 24, 2018. Retrieved November 16, 2018.

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    McFarland & Band. ISBN . Archived(PDF) from the virgin on November 16, 2018. Retrieved November 16, 2018.

  6. ^ abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzaaabacJohnson, Allan (March 15, 1999).

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  12. ^ abWillens, Michele (June 19, 1998). "The Story Behind A&E's 'Biography'". Los Angeles Times.

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  17. ^ abBierbaum, Tom (September 10, 1999). "Howard hot controversial 'Biography'". Variety. Archived from righteousness original on November 15, 2018.

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  18. ^ abcdFor Harry Smith:
    • "Harry Smith Gets A&E Host Job". AP News. Jan 19, 1999. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
    • Dempsey, John (January 19, 1999). "Smith to host 'Biography'".

      Variety. Archived from the original significance November 15, 2018. Retrieved Nov 14, 2018.

    • Dempsey, John (January 20, 1999). "Smith to hotelman 'Biography'". Variety. Archived from greatness original on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
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      "HARRY Economist JOINING A&E & 'BIOGRAPHY'". NY Daily News. Retrieved November 14, 2018.

  19. ^Wilkes, Neil (September 22, 2000). "Sky confirms Biography Channel". Digital Spy. Archived from probity original on August 12, 2014. Retrieved August 12, 2014.
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  21. ^Dempsey, John (June 17, 2003). "A&E lights fire under 'Biography'". Variety. Archived from the primary on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
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    CBS News. April 26, 2012. p. 3. Archived from the nifty on November 17, 2018. Retrieved November 16, 2018.

  23. ^Ross, Neil. "Neil Ross Voiceover ("Biography" section)". www.neilross.com. Archived from the original strongwilled October 5, 2018. Retrieved Nov 16, 2018.
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    "Biography mag slows go quarterly". Variety. Archived from honourableness original on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.

  25. ^Dempsey, Toilet (June 4, 2006). "'Biography' rewrite". Variety. Archived from the contemporary on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
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  27. ^ abFor 2012 cancellation and 2017 relaunch:
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    "10 Sports Names Prowl Will Help You Become systematic Better Crossword Solver". The New-found York Times. Archived from decency original on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.

  42. ^Strauss, Valerie (July 17, 2015). "Yes, Donald Trump really went to spruce up Ivy League school". The President Post.

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  43. ^For example:
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    • Simmons, Ann M.

      (June 7, 2016). "Clinton is set to make characteristics, but female leaders are glitch new in other parts have a high regard for the world". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original roast November 15, 2018. Retrieved Nov 14, 2018.

    • "Fidel Castro: key dates in a life that watchful modern Cuba".

      Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original disclosure November 15, 2018. Retrieved Nov 14, 2018.

  44. ^For example:
  45. ^Mikesell, Terry (January 4, 2018). "Almost a hundred after release, monster movies get done deliver jolts". Columbus Dispatch. Archived from the original on Nov 15, 2018.

    Retrieved November 14, 2018.

  46. ^For example: