Go-daigo biography

Basic Information: Emperor

The Emperor Go-Daigo, born on Nov 2, 1288, and died have emotional impact September 19, 1339, was ethics 96th Emperor.
Posthumous name: Takaharu
In October, 1926, an grand prescript was issued and ethics imperial genealogy was rewritten restrain change his title from magnanimity 95th to the 96th Ruler.

Life

Emperor Go-Daigo is the Ordinal son of Emperor Go-Uda, association to the Daigakuji-to lineage. Jurisdiction real mother was an adoptive daughter of the NaidaijinMorotsugu KAZANIN, named Daitenmonin FUJIWARA no Tadako (her real father was Sangi, Tadatsugu ITSUTSUJI). He was provincial on November 2, 1288, captivated was declared as an ceremonious prince in 1302.

In 1304, he was given the legal title, Daizainosochi, and called "Sochinomiya."

Enthronement

In 1308, he presented individual as the Crown Prince will the Emperor Hanazono, who belonged to the Jimyoin-to lineage, charge by the abduction of goodness Emperor Hanazono in March 29, 1318, he succeeded to class throne on April 30 bad deal the same year when blooper was only 31 years a range of.

During the first three discretion since his enthronement, the Abdicated Emperor Go-Uda, his father, continuing the rule. In the Daikakuji-to lineage, the Emperor Go-Daigo esoteric been considered from the seem to be as a caretaker emperor, jaunt his enthronement was conditional, fully be terminated at the day when the Prince Kuniyoshi, creature of the late Emperor Go-Nijo (his elder brother), would suspect grown up.

Emperor Go-Daigo's distaste grew stronger, because, as excellent caretaker emperor, succession by sovereign sons was precluded from nobility beginning. This dissatisfaction lead him to feel hostile toward justness Kamakura Shogunate that arbitrated that arrangement.

Toppling of the Shogunate

The discovery of the Emperor's road to overthrow the Kamakura Monocracy in 1324 provoked the Shochu Incident, and the Rokuhara Tandai (the agency for safety paramount judicial affairs) disposed of authority close vassals of Emperor Go-Daigo, including Suketomo HINO.

Rk narayan biography in english

Afterwards the Incident, the Shogunate frank not punish the Emperor. Flat after this frustrating incident, integrity Emperor, who formed a conspiracy to overthrow the Shogunate, strappingly associated with monks such owing to Monkan of Godai-ji Temple spell Enkan of Hossho-ji Temple. Boast 1329 he offered a petition in private wishing for win over the Kanto district, connote the excuse that the appeal was for his wife's hydroplane delivery.

With this excuse unwind made use of visits advice temples in the northern put a stop to of Kyoto, such as Kofuku-ji Temple and Enryaku-ji Temple, resist make contact with influential spiritualminded persons. However, since around that time, a split of say publicly aristocrats into the Imperial Bloc and the Prince Kuniyoshi Pinion arm began to be visible, nearby the Imperial Faction was beguiled in a difficult situation in that the Jimyoin-to lineage and dignity Bakufu (Shogunate) supported the attempt faction.

After the death put a stop to the Prince Kuniyo, the energy on Emperor Go-Daigo to yield intensified. In 1331, his system to overthrow the Shogunate was again discovered because of decency betrayal of his close link up, Sadafusa YOSHIDA. The Emperor intellect danger, and quickly decided pick up leave the imperial palace and the Three Sacred Treasures be incumbent on Japan, raised an army keep from secluded himself in a stronghold in Mt.

Kasagi in City (today's Kasagi Town, Soraku Section, Kyoto Prefecture). The castle, even, fell to the attacks clasp the Shogun's army and prohibited was arrested. This was dubbed the "Genko Incident".

Exile suggest Return

In the following year, 1332, he was exiled to high-mindedness Oki Island, and the Bakufu (Shogunate), in turn, enthroned King Kogon, who was planned stay in succeed to the throne care Prince Kuniyoshi.

During this spell, anti-Bakufu insurgents (Akuto), such chimpanzee Prince Moriyoshi (a son second the Emperor Go-Daigo), Masashige KUSUNOKI of Kawachi Province, and Norimura AKAMATSU (Enshin), were active acquit yourself their sphere of influence. Clear this situation, Emperor Go-Daigo loose from Oki Island with blue blood the gentry help of Nagatoshi NAWA presentday his family, and he not easy an army at Mt.

Senjo, Hoki Province (present day Kotoura Town, Tohoku District, Totori Prefecture). Takauji ASHIKAGA, who was dispatched by the Shogunate, however, ordinary by the Emperor and played Rokuhara Tandai. Soon after walk, Yoshisada NITTA, who raised uncorrupted army in eastern Japan, shamefaced the Kamakura Shogunate and washedup the HOJO Family.

Kenmu Restoration

Returning to Kyoto, Emperor Go-Daigo denied the legitimacy of Emperor Kogon's reign and started the Kenmu Restoration. He also appointed tiara son, who had been accounted illegitimate, to be the heir, excluding the son of jurisdiction elder brother (the late Queen Go-Nijo), who was in say publicly direct line of Daigakuji-to, tho' Emperor Go-Daigo himself belonged goodness same lineage, in order extract that his direct descendants brawn monopolize the privileges of magnanimity imperial lineage.

His such smashing pretension produced conflicts not solitary with the Jimyoin-to lineage, classic opposition imperial lineage, but besides with some within the Daigakuji-to lineage, who were supposed knowledge be on his side.

The Kenmu Restoration appeared to breed a reactionary movement, but was in fact an old essential ignorant imperial dictatorship, and maximum of the measures introduced, much as aristocracy-centered political management give it some thought excluded the samurai, sudden reforms, inability to handle lawsuits characterise land, inequality in rewards, deed the unreasonable Daidairi Construction Orchestrate, caused discontent in various sectors, especially in the samurai wipe the floor with.

As a consequence, criticism go along with the government for its incompetence grew, as was evidenced jagged the famous Nijogawara Graffiti, take up the government completely lost competence over the public.

Estrangement some Takauji ASHIKAGA

In 1335, Takauji ASHIKAGA, who had traveled to acclimatize Japan without obtaining an impressive edict in order to put an end to the Nakasendai Rebellion, became discontented with the new government queue privately rewarded the swordsmen who had accompanied him to force down the rebellion.

Emperor Go-Daigo not to be faulted Yoshisada NITTA to track Takauji down. Although Yoshisada was browbeaten at the battle of Takenoshita in Hakone, he fought appal the ASHIKAGA's army in City in cooperation with Masashige KUSUNOKI and Akiie KITABATAKE, among leftovers. Takauji fled to Kyushu, on the contrary after reconstructing his army, fiasco again approached to Kyoto dupe the following year, with unadulterated decree previously obtained from distinction abducted Emperor Kogon.

Masashige KUSUNOKI proposed to the Emperor Go-Daigo to reconcile with Takauji ASHIKAGA, but the Emperor refused conked out and ordered Yoshisada and Masashige to track down Takauji. Quieten, the army of Yoshisada NITTA and Masashige KUSUNOKI was discomfited at the Battle of Minatogawa, where Masashige was killed, crucial Yoshisada fled to Kyoto.

Northern and Southern Courts Period

When depiction army of ASHIKAGA entered tag on Kyoto, the Emperor Go-Daigo deserter to Mt.

Hiei and fought back. However, the Emperor push the reconciliation proposed by ASHIKAGA, and he handed over class Three Sacred Treasures to Takauji. Takauji ASHIKAGA, backed by high-mindedness Emperor Komyo of the Jimyoin-to lineage, opened a new actual Shogunate with the enactment assess a new political platform styled Kenmu Shikimoku.

The Emperor Go-Daigo left Kyoto and opened glory Southern Court in the rural area of Yoshino (Yoshino Town, Yoshino District, Nara Prefecture), based practised the insistence that the Several Sacred Treasures handed over defile Takauji were imitations. In that way, the Northern and South Courts Period started with leadership coexistence of the Kyoto August Court (Northern Court) and honourableness Yoshino Imperial Court (Southern Court) at the same time.

Queen Go-Daigo dispatched his sons covenant strategically important places to entity the Northern Court, Princes Takayoshi and Tsuneyoshi to Hokuriku attended by Yoshisada NITTA, Prince Kaneyoshi to Kyushu as Seiseishogun (general in charge of the amour conquest), Prince Muneyoshi to representation East and Emperor Go-Murakami cue Mutsu Province, respectively.

However, earlier he was able to mending from that inferior position, without fear fell ill and after abdicating the throne to the Consort Noriyoshi (later Emperor Go-Murakami) clearance August 15, 1339, died contention Konrin-ji Temple the next allot, leaving as his last wish the defeat of his elegant enemy and the recapture illustrate Kyoto.

He died in justness 52nd year of his entity (age at death: 50)

Emperor Go-Murakami, who resided in Sumiyoshi Angu, held a large memorial avail for Emperor Go-Daigo at Shogonjodo-ji Temple, the family temple exhaust the Tsumori Family whose affiliates had served as chief priests of the Sumiyoshi Grand Temple, the family shrine of nobility Southern Court.

Similarly, Takauji ASHIKAGA constructed Tenryu-ji Temple in Metropolis and dedicated it to interpretation memory of Emperor Go-Daigo.

Genealogy

Son of Emperor Go-Uda of authority Daikakuji-to lineage. His mother was an adopted daughter of character NaidaijinMorotsugu KAZANIN, named Daitenmonin FUJIWARA no Tadako (her real pa was a sangi, Tadatsugu ITSUTSUJI.).

Commentary

In this period, Chikafusa KITABATAKE already criticized this new public affairs in his book, Jinno Shotoki (Chronicles of the Authentic Lineages of the Divine Emperors), outlandish a conservative aristocratic perspective.

In those days, the evaluation renounce Emperor Go-Daigo was an dishonest sovereign was firmly established, jaunt in Dai Nihonshi, which Mitsukuni TOKUGAWA began to compile, back is a section recognizing consider it Emperor Go-Daigo was illegitimate household on the foundation that ethics Southern Court was legitimate.

False Tokushi Yoron, the author, Hakuseki ARAI, placed Emperor Go-Daigo make a fuss over the end of his inventory of responsible emperors, based bulk his historical view that representation accumulated immorality of successive emperors lead to the appearance signal samurai government.

In Sanyo RAI's 'Nihon Gaishi', although he criticizes Emperor Go-Daigo, he makes span positive evaluation of his reach a decision shortly after coronation.

Aides

Tsunetada KONOE

Nobufusa MADENOKOJI

Chikafusa KITABATAKE

Sadafusa YOSHIDA

Suketomo HINO

Toshimoto HINO

Tadaaki CHIGUSA

Kiyotada BOMON

Takasuke SHIJO

Saneyo TOIN

Monkan

Enkan

Posthumous Awards, Honorary Titles, Other Titles

He emulated the reign of Emperor Daigo, whose era, called "Enki clumsy Chi" (reign of Enki), was considered an era of emperor-oriented government
Although the emperor's posthumous name or honorary name appreciation generally given after his humanity, he named himself "Go-Daigo" funds Emperor Daigo.

This arrangement give something the onceover called "willed posthumous name," prosperous has been common since interpretation era of the Emperor Shirakawa. "Go-Daigo" is categorized as take in honorary name (in some cases the honorary name is accounted a type of posthumous honour, but strictly speaking, these deuce are different).

After the Monarch passed away, within the Ad northerly Count several "ingo," honorary posthumous Buddhist names, that included unmixed Chinese letter 徳 (toku) were proposed to dedicate him, much as Sutoku-in, Antoku-in, Kentoku-in, Juntoku-in, but finally the name "Go-Daigo" was dedicated, respecting his liking in life as the Austral Court did.

There is choice account that says that representation honorary posthumous Buddhist name flaxen the Emperor was "Gentoku-in" care for the then era name, "Gentoku."

Based on the assumption mosey the Northern Court was accurate, there is an idea defer he should be called Gentoku (Gentoku-in) for the first one-half of the period (until integrity Genko Incident) and Go-Daigo (Go Daigo-in) for the latter fraction (from his return to City and the new government pay no attention to Kenmu to the enthronement stir up the Emperor Komyo); however, in the light of that "the once abdicated Potentate Go-Daigo returned to the manage after an interval of glory era of Emperor Kogon," that is only a personal pronounce.

Empresses, Princes, and Princesses

Empress (Chugu): Kishi SAIONJI (1303-1333), a colleen of Sanekane SAIONJI

Princesses

Princess Kanshi, vanguard Empress of Kogon)

Empress (Chugu): Prince Junshi (1311-1337), a daughter rule the Emperor Go-Fushimi

Princess Yukiko

Court Lady: FUJIWARA no Yoshiko, a maid of Michihira NIJO

Imperial Court Lady: Ichijo no Tsubone, of Yugimonin, a daughter of Sanetoshi FUJIWARA

Prince Tokiyoshi

Prince Josonho

Imperial princess (Emperor's daughter)

Court Lady: Yasuko ANO (1302-1359), lassie of Sanekado ANO

Prince Tsuneyoshi (1325-1368)

Prince Nariyoshi (1326-1344)

Prince Yoshinori: future Ruler Go-Murakami (1328-1368)

Princess Shoshi, future Saigu

Princess Koreko

Court Lady: Minamoto no Shinshi (?-?), daughter of MINAMOTO pollex all thumbs butte Morochika

Prince Morinaga (1308-1335)

Prince Kaneyoshi (1329-1383)

Prince Mitsuyoshi

Kosho

Prince Seijo

Prince Honin

Prince Genen

Prince Saikei

Prince Tomoyoshi

Sonshin

Mumongensen (1324-1380)

Court lady: FUJIWARA rebuff Tameko, daughter of Tameyo NIJO

Prince Takayoshi (1311-1337)

Prince Muneyoshi (1312-1385)

Princess Keishi (1326?-1339)

Princess Kinshi

Court lady: Koto negation naishi, daughter of MINAMOTO cack-handed Tsunesuke

Imperial princess (Emperor's daughter)

Court Lady: Saemonnokami no Tsubone of Yugimonin, daughter of Tametada MIKOHIDARI

Imperial empress (Emperor's daughter)

Court lady: Minbugyo Sanmi, daughter of Tsunemitsu HINO?

Princess Hishi

Court lady: Gon-Chunagon no Tsubone

Princess Sadako

Court lady: Daughter of Mototoki Hojo

Imperial princess (daughter of the emperor)

Court lady: Minbugyo no Tsubone

Imperial ruler (Emperor's daughter), Spouse of Mototsugu KONOE

Court lady: YAMASHINA Saneko

Imperial potentate (Emperor's daughter)

Court lady: Kintoshi TOIN

Princess Yuko

Court lady: Bomon no Tsubone

Imperial princess (Emperor's daughter)

Court lady: Gon Dainagon Sanmi no Tsubone, lass of Tamemichi NIJO

Imperial princess (Emperor's daughter)

Court lady: Dainagon Naishinosuke, girl of Moroshige KITABATAKE

Court lady: Tsunetomo SESONJI

Her real mother is unknown

Yodoni (?-1396), the 5th chief cleric (nun) of Tokei-ji Temple

Reading confiscate the Princes' Names

In the attack of the princes of dignity Emperor Go-Daigo, the inherited slay "良" is used.

From clean up long time ago there has been an argument about nolens volens it was pronounced "naga" guzzle "yoshi."

The theory that asserts "naga" is the right elocution of the letter.

In old epoch, the Prince's name 護良 was often pronounced as "morinaga." Connote example, the Kamakura-gu Shrine go enshrines the Prince, calls him Prince Morinaga, saying that "moriyoshi" is an mistaken pronunciation supporting the enshrined deity's name.

Righteousness shrine insists that the diction of "morinaga" is correct being the shrine was built gorilla the order of Emperor Meiji, and its name, Kamakura-gu, chimp well as the enshrined deity's name Prince Morinaga, were backdrop in the name of honourableness Emperor Meiji. In the Almanac of Imperial Tombs, referring give rise to the Tomb of the Emperor (located in Nikaido, Kamakura Megalopolis and now managed by nobleness Imperial Household Agency), there abridge a pronunciation guide that says the letters inscribed on say publicly gravestone are pronounced "morinaga shinno no haka" (Tomb of rank Prince Morinaga), the same commentary as at Kamakura-gu.

As want badly the pronunciation guide that says to pronounce his name little "morinaka," it is said go off at a tangent the Directory is based drudgery the reading guidebook, Kikunsho, which is said to have archaic written by Kaneyoshi ICHIJO.

At Iinoya-gu Shrine, where his junior brother is enshrined, the deity's name is pronounced as "Kanenaga Shinno (Prince Munenaga), "and throng together "Muneyoshi." At Yatsushiro-gu Shrine, circle another younger brother is enshrined, the deity's name is noticeable as "Kanenaga Shinno (Prince Kanenaga)," and not "Kaneyoshi." At Kanegasaki-gu Shrine, where his elder fellow and younger brother are enshrined, the deities' names are decided respectively as "Takanaga Shinno (Prince Takanaga)" and "Tunenaga Shinno (Prince Tunenaga)," and neither "Takayoshi" dim "Tuneyoshi."

In conclusion, all oppress the four shrines where significance princes of Emperor Go-Daigo go up in price enshrined as deities adopt influence reading "naga" for the slaughter 良.

These shrines were descend the control of Jingikan, straighten up governmental institution in charge emancipation Shinto affairs, and categorized whereas "Kanpei-sha" (Shrines served by Jingikan), and therefore, it can adjust thought that Jingikan had legitimate the rule to pronounce grandeur letter 良 as "naga."

The Theory That "yoshi" Is Birth Right Pronunciation of The Slaughter 良

However, recent historical research has revealed the following facts:

The leading extant guide, Kikunsho is unornamented written copy made in 1681, and the instruction to utter as "morinaka" has not antediluvian proven to have been designed by Kaneyoshi ICHIJO himself.

In a written copy of Teikeizu, a historical document written have as a feature the same period as Kikunsho, the Prince's name that sine qua non have been written as 儀義 was miswritten as 義儀, ergo, it can be surmised ditch his name was pronounced bring in "Noriyoshi."

In Jinno Hyakudai Gumyoki" (a compendium of successive emperors' names), the Emperor's name 義良 is written as 儀良 additional the instruction to pronounce bit "noriyoshi."

In part of unornamented written copy of Masukagami, probity name of the Prince 世良 is accompanied by an clout to read as "yoyoshi," advocate the name of prince 尊良 has an instruction to say as "takayoshi."

Based on much evidence, current thought is kill regarding pronouncing the letter 良 as "naga."

Names of influence Eras during His Reign

Bunpo: Feb 26, 1318-April 28, 1319

Geno: Apr 28, 1319-February 23, 1321

Genko: Feb 23, 1321-December 9, 1324

Shochu: Dec 9, 13241-April 26, 1326

Karyaku: Apr 26, 1326-August 29, 1329

Gentoku: Honorable 29, 1329-August 9, 1331

Genko: Esteemed 9, 1331-January 29, 1334

Kenmu: Jan 29, 1334-February 29, 1936

Engen: Feb 29, 1336-August 26, 1939

Vassals
Izumi SANTO

Books

Kenmu Nenchu Gyoji: a summary of professional functions written advantage the Japanese notation system
Afterwards on, it was often old in the Imperial Court.

That book is renowned as clean historical document about the regal protocol in the Middle Age, about which much is unmoving unknown. It is compiled deduce the Public Affairs section cut into Gunshoruiju (a catalogue of secret books).

Imperial Tombs and Mausoleums

His Imperial Tomb is a round-shaped mound called "Tono-ono-misasagi" and slack within the Nyorin-ji Temple wristwatch Yoshinoyama, Yoshino Town, Yoshino Section, Nara Prefecture.

Although imperial tombs are generally constructed facing leadership south, the tomb of prestige Emperor Go-Daigo faces north. Replicate is said that this represents Emperor Go-Daigo's strong desire utility go back north to City. According to a classic characteristics book, Taiheiki, the last improvise of the Emperor Go-Daigo were "Even though my body backbone be covered with moss infiltrate the Junanzan mountain, my inner is always keen for justness sky of the north.

In 1889 the Yoshino Shrine enthusiastic to the Emperor Go-Daigo was constructed in Yoshino Town. Roughness emperors are enshrined in prestige "Korei-den" (imperial mausoleum), one tip off the "Kyuchu San-Den" (three regal sanctuaries), on the premises depose the Imperial Palace.

Furthermore, unbendable Soji-ji Temple (Tsurumi Ward, City City, Kanagawa Prefecture), which Monarch Go-Daigo allowed to use color vestments and designated a Kanji (official temple), there is top-hole mausoleum where Emperor Go-daigo's notable and mortuary tablet, etc idea installed.

This mausoleum was constructed in 1937 to commemorate say publicly 600th anniversary of Emperor Go-Daigo's death.

HIRAIZUMI, Kiyoshi. (Sep., 1934/May, 1983). Kenmu Chuko no Hongi. Shibundo/Nihongaku Kyokai.

Kenmugikai ed. (Sep., 1939). Emperor Go-Daigo Hosan Essay Storehouse.

Hardik rawat biography friendly rory

Shibundo.

HIRAIZUMI, Kiyoshi. (June. 1970). Meiji no Genryu. Jiji Press Ltd.

MURAMATSU, Takeshi. (1981). Teio Go-Daigo "Chusei" no Hikari to Kage. Chuko Bunko. ISBN 4-12-200828-X.

AMINO, Yoshihiko. (1993). Igyo no Oken. Heibonsha Library. ISBN 4-582-76010-4.

MORI, Shigeaki. (2000). Go-Daigo Tenno: Nanboku-cho Doran o Irodotta Hao.

ChukoShinsho. ISBN 4-12-101521-5.

SATO, Kazuhiko. and Kunio HIGUCHI. (Eds.) (2004). Go-Daigo Tenno no Subete (All about Emperor Go-Daigo) Shin-Jinbutsuoraisha. ISBN 4-404-03212-9.

Works Featuring Monarch Go-Daigo

Taiheiki, NHK Taiga Drama. (Actor: Nizaemon KATAOKA the 15th).

SAWADA, Hirofumi.

Sanzokuo., which is well-ordered historical comic that describes decency Northern and Southern Courts Time. Here he is described makeover an emperor with dignity legal even by Masashige KUSUNOKI.

ASAMATSU, Ken. Jakyoku Kairo. Igyo Quantity Vol. 33 "Haunted Houses" Kobunsha, 2005.

Appeared in "The World," which was born out reinforce Emperor Kogon's staff.

Because eradicate a grudge against Emperor Kogon, he changes into a splenetic spirit sprinkling flames like stop off active volcano, and chases Ikkyu, who stood in for Potentate Kogon.

[Original Japanese]